The main governing laws for Criminal Law in Nepal are: 

a. The Criminal Code, 2017

b. The National Criminal Procedure Code, 2017

Criminal Case: Involves Crimes against the state, prosecuted by the Government, seeks to penalize the offenders, must be proven beyond reasonable doubt. 

Civil Case: Involves disputes between individuals, case initiated by the affected person, settlement based as well compensation provision to the victim. 

Criminal Cases be initiated in general, 2 ways: 

a. one is through a private prosecution Case and 

b. another through Government/state prosecution Case

A suspect must be produced before the court within 24 hours of the arrest. 

A suspect must be presented before the court to provide judicial supervision, and mainly to obtain approval for remand for investigation. 

Remand is the temporary custody of an accused approved by the district court allowing police or any other authority to hold the person in detention for a set period while the investigation of a crime continues.

The District Court decides the duration of a suspect's remand.

The court generally grants up to 7 days of custody for investigation, which can be further extended depending on the case. 

Yes, a detainee has the legal right to remain silent and is not compelled to respond to police questioning. 

Yes, a suspect has the right to be assisted by a lawyer during police interrogation.

After the Police conclude their investigation, they submit the investigation report to the Government Attorney, who further reviews the report, submitted evidence, prepares charge sheets and decides on filing the case in the Court.

The step wise procedures for filing a Criminal Cases are;

a. Filing of FIR at the nearest Police Station

b. Investigation is done by Police after receiving the complaint

c. Summon the suspect/arrest them (permission from Court for arrest warrant)

d. Remand hearing for custody

e. Collection of evidences, recording statement

f. Preparation of investigation report

g. Forward the report to the Government Attorney

h. Government Attorney reviews the report, prepares chargesheet and files the case in the court

i. Court sets the date for bail hearing after taking statement from the accused

j. The court grants the bail or refuse to do so examining all the facts

k. The court grants different order in the trial phase

l. Final decision (impose imprisonment, or not guilty)

Yes, the victim may hire a private lawyer for support, while the Government Attorney conducts the main prosecution.